* 徴兵制度の歴史 * NCF: No Conscription Fellowship (徴兵制反対同盟/兵役拒否同盟) * 右写真(ラッセルが投獄されたBrixton 監獄)出典: Ronald Clark's B. R. and His World, 1981. (第一章 第一次世界大戦) 徴兵反対同盟委員長のクリフォード・アレン(ラッセル注:後のアレン・オブ・ハートウッド卿)は,非常に有能かつ機敏な青年であった。彼は英国社会党員であり(注:'Socialist' と大文字になっていることに注意/英国社会党は1904年6月12日に結党されている。/日高訳では,社会主義者と訳されている.),またキリスト教徒ではなかった。キリスト教徒と英国社会党員である平和主義者との間で調和のとれた関係を保つには常に避けられない困難があったが,この点では,彼は賞賛すべき公平さを示した。けれども,1916年夏に彼は軍法会議にかけられ,投獄された。その後私は,彼とは,大戦の全期間を通じて,両者が刑務所に入っていない時に(between sentences)たまに会うだけであった。彼は,1918年の初め頃,健康上の理由で釈放された(事実彼はまさに死ぬ寸前であった)。しかし,その直後に,(今度は)私自身が投獄された。 |
With the coming of conscription, I gave practically my whole time and energies to the affairs of the conscientious objectors. The No Conscription Fellowship consisted entirely of men of military age, but it accepted women and older men as associates. After all the original committee had gone to prison, a substitute committee was formed, of which I became the acting chairman. There was a great deal of work to do, partly in looking after the interests of individuals, partly in keeping a watch upon the military authorities to see that they did not send conscientious objectors to France, for it was only after they had been sent to France that they became liable to the death penalty. Then there was a great deal of speaking to be done up and down the country. I spent three weeks in the mining areas of Wales, speaking sometimes in halls, sometimes out-of-doors. I never had an interrupted meeting, and always found the majority of the audience sympathetic so long as I confined myself to industrial areas. In London, however, the matter was different. Clifford Allen(Afterwards Lord Allen of Hurtwood.), the chairman of the No Conscription Fellowship, was a young man of great ability and astuteness. He was a Socialist, and not a Christian. There was always a certain djfficulty in keeping harmonious relations between Christian and Socialist pacifists, and in this respect he showed admirable impartiality. In the summer of 1916, however, he was court-martialled and sent to prison. After that, throughout the duration of the War, I only saw him during the occasional days between sentences. He was released on grounds of health: (being, in fact, on the point of death) early in 1918, but shortly after that I went to prison myself. |