第5章 魂と肉体 n.26
私はこの議論(argument 論拠)が論争の余地のないもの(conclusive 決定的なもの)であると言うつもりはない。科学,特に科学的になり始めたばかりの心理学の将来を予見することは不可能である。(将来,)心理学の(精神の)因果作用(psychological causation)は現在の肉体依存(の状態)を脱することできるかも知れない。しかし,現在の心理学と生理学の状態では,不死への信仰は,いずれにせよ(at any rate),科学に支持を求めることは全く出来ず,また,この問題に関して今日可能な議論は,死に際して(死によって)人格が消滅することがありそうであることを指し示している(point to)。我々は死後は生存しないだろうという考えは残念に思うかも知れない。しかし,全ての迫害者や反ユダヤ人主義者(Jewbaiters)や詐欺師たちが永遠に(for all eternity)存在し続けることはないだろうと考えることはひとつの慰めである。彼らは時が立てば良くなるだろうという人がいるかも知れないが,私はそのことを疑っている。 |
Chapter V Soul and Body, n.26Personality is essentially a matter of organization. Certain events, grouped together by means of certain relations, form a person. The grouping is effected by means of causal laws - those connected with habit-formation, which includes memory - and the causal laws concerned depend upon the body. If this is true - and there are strong scientific grounds for thinking that it is - to expect a personality to survive the disintegration of the brain is like expecting a cricket club to survive when all its members are dead.I do not pretend that this argument is conclusive. It is impossible to foresee the future of science, particularly of psychology, which is only just beginning to be scientific. It may be that psychological causation can be freed from its present dependence on the body. But in the present state of psychology and physiology, belief in immortality can, at any rate, claim no support from science, and such arguments as are possible on the subject point to the probable extinction of personality at death. We may regret the thought that we shall not survive, but it is a comfort to think that all the persecutors and Jew-baiters and humbugs will not continue to exist for all eternity. We may be told that they would improve in time, but I doubt it. |