第3章 権力の形態 n.4 - ヒトラーのナチスに例えれば
最も重要な組織は,おおよそ,その組織が行使する権力の種類によって区別することができる。軍隊と警察は肉体に対する強制的な権力を行使する。経済組織は,主に,賞罰を誘引物や制止物として利用する。学校,教会,政党などは,世論(人々の意見)に影響を及ぼそうと企てる。しかし,こうした区別も,そう明確に割り切れるものではない。いかなる組織も,自分に特有な権力に加えて,他の形態も用いるからである。 |
Chapter III: The Forms of Power, n.4Let us apply these Aesopian analogies to the rise of Hitler. The carrot was the Nazi programme (involving, e.g" the abolition of interest) ; the donkey was the lower middle class. The sheep and their leader were the Social Democrats and Hindenburg. The pigs (only so far as their misfortunes are concerned (misspeling: con-concerned) were the victims in concentration camps, and the performing animals are the millions who make the Nazi salute.The most important organizations are approximately distinguishable by the kind of power that they exert. The army and the police exercise coercive power over the body; economic organizations, in the main, use rewards and puunishments as incentives and deterrents; schools, churches, and political parties aim at influencing opinion. But these distinctions are not very clear-cut, since every organization uses other forms of power in addition to the one which is most characteristic. |