第3章 権力の形態 n.3 - 権力の3様の現れ方
こうした形の権力は全て、人間(同士の間でも例証される。 豚の場合(事例)は、(人間における)軍事力や警察権力の場合(事例)を例証している。 ニンジンをあてがわれたロバの場合(事例)は、宜伝力の場合(事例)を象徴している。 芸をする動物の場合は、「教育」の力を示している。 いやいやながら先頭を行く羊の後に従う羊(の群)は政党政治の例証(実例)である。よくあることであるがどんな時でも,尊敬されている指導者は、派閥や党のボス連中に屈従している(ことが多い)。 |
Chapter III: The Forms of Power, n.3These forms of power are most nakedly and simply displayed in our dealings with animals, where disguises and pretences are not thought necessary. When a pig with a rope round its middle is hoisted squealing into a ship, it is subject to direct physical power over its body. On the other hand, when the proverbial donkey follows the proverbial carrot, we induce him to act as we wish by persuading him that it is to his interest to do so. Intermediate between these two cases is that of performing animals, in whom habits have been formed by rewards and punishments ; also, in a different way, that of sheep induced to embark on a ship, when the leader has to be dragged across the gangway by force, and the rest then follow willingly.All these forms of power are exemplified among human beings. The case of the pig illustrates military and police power. The donkey with the carrot typifies the power of propaganda. Performing animals show the power of"education." The sheep following their unwilling leader are illustrative of party politics, whenever, as is usual, a revered leader is in bondage to a clique or to party bosses. |