嫉妬と性的疲労という原因
嫉妬が生じた場合は、たとえほんのかすかなものであっても、性行為は疎ましく,性行為へと導く欲望(欲求)は厭わしく思われてくる。純粋に本能的な男は、もしも、自分の思いどおりになるなら、全女性に自分(彼)を,また自分(彼)だけを愛させたいと思うであろう。女性が他の男を少しでも愛そうものなら、それは道徳的非難へと変化する可能性のある強い感情(emotions)を彼の心の中に容易にかき立てる。その女性が自分の妻の場合は特にそうである。たとえば、シェイクスピアを読むと、彼の描く男たちは、自分の妻が(男性に対して)情熱的であることを望まないことがわかる。シェイクスピアによれば、理想の女性は、義務感から夫の抱擁は甘受する(甘んじて受ける)ものの、愛人を持とうなんて思わない女性である。なぜなら、性は本来、彼女にとって嫌なものであり、道徳律が耐え忍ぶことを命ずるがゆえに耐え忍んでいるにすぎないからである。 本能的な夫は、妻が自分を裏切ったことを見つけると、妻とその愛人両方に対して嫌悪感でいっぱいになり、性は全て獣的である(けがらわしい)と結論しがちになる。性交をやりすぎるか,あるいは老齢のために性的不能になっている場合には、特にそうである。大部分の社会では、年寄りは若者よりも大きな影響力を持っているので、性的な事柄に関する公式の正論は、当然、性急な(短気な)若者の意見ではない(年寄りの意見が社会における「正論」となってしまう)。 |
Chapter IV: Phallic Worship, Asceticism and SinIt should be said to begin with that it is useless to look to beliefs as the source of this kind of attitude. Beliefs of this sort must be in the first place inspired by a mood; it is true that when once they exist they may perpetuate the mood, or at any rate actions in accordance with the mood, but it is hardly likely that they will be the prime causes of an anti-sexual attitude. The two main causes of such an attitude are, I should say, jealousy and sexual fatigue. Wherever jealousy is aroused, even if it be only faintly, the sexual act appears to us disgusting, and the appetite which leads to it loathsome. The purely instinctive man, if he could have his way, would have all women love him and him only; any love which they may give to other men inspires in him emotions which may easily pass into moral condemnation. Especially is this the case when the woman is his wife. One finds in Shakespeare, for example, that his men do not desire their wives to be passionate. The ideal woman, according to Shakespeare, is one who submits to her husband's embraces from a sense of duty, but would not think of having a lover, since sex in itself is disagreeable to her and is only endured because the moral law commands that it should be. The instinctive husband, when he finds that his wife has betrayed him, is filled with disgust against both her and her lover, and is apt to conclude that all sex is beastly. Especially will this be the case if he has become impotent through excess or old age. Since old men have in most societies more weight than the young, it is natural that the official and correct opinion on sexual matters should be not that of hot-headed youth. |