* ロンドンの歴史 * グレーター・ロンドン(大ロンドン,ロンドン,シテイの関係) (注)'シテイ'(ロンドン旧市部)は,東南はロンドン橋までであり,この段落に出てくる'タウン'は,シテイ周辺の,ロンドン橋以南の(川向こうの)下町をさしているものと思われる。 * 引用されている童謡の別バージョン
セント・ポール大聖堂の尖塔に木が一本
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1666年のロンドン大火の後,建築家クリストファー・レンにより再建されたバロック建築で,1710年完成。 * 下の写真(St. Paul's Cathedral)出典: Google Satellite These troubles are essentially economic, and so is another which is almost equally grave. I mean the difficulties in regard to housing which result from the concentration of populations in large cities. In the Middle Ages cities were as rural as the country is now. Children still sing the nursery rhyme: Upon Paul's steeple stands a tree Paul's steeple is gone, and I do not know at what date the hedges disappeared between St Paul's and London Bridge. It is many centuries since the little boys of London town could enjoy such pleasures as this rhyme suggests, but until not so very long ago the bulk of the population lived in the country. The towns were not very vast; it was easy to get out of them, and by no means uncommon to find gardens attached to many houses in them. Nowadays there is in England an immense preponderance of the urban over the rural population. In America this preponderance is as yet slight, but it is very rapidly increasing. Cities like London and New York are so large that it takes a very long time to get out of them. Those who live in the city usually have to be content with a flat, to which, of course, not a square inch of soil is attached, and in which people of moderate means have to be content with the absolute minimum of space. If there are young children, life in a flat is difficult. There is no room for them to play, and there is no room for their parents to get away from their noise. Consequently professional men tend more and more to live in the suburbs. This is undoubtedly desirable from the point of view of the children, but it adds considerably to the fatigue of the man's life, and greatly diminishes the part which he can play in the family. |
(掲載日:2006.06.09/更新日:2010.05.3)