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The fear of being blamed is a very powerful deterrent, but actual blame, when the blameworthy action has been performed, is, as a rule, painful without being morally helpful. The person blamed is likely to become sullen and defiant, to despair of the good opinion of the community, and to acquiesce in the position of an Ishmael. This result is especially probable when it is not an individual, but a large group, that is blamed. After the first world war the victors told the Germans that the guilt was wholly Germany’s, and even forced them to sign a document by which they pretended to acknowledge their sole culpability.
Source: Bertrand Russell: Russell: Human Society in Ethics and Politics, (1954), chapter 7:sin
More info.:https://russell-j.com/cool/47T-0714.htm
<寸言>
昔ほどではないにしても、「勝てば官軍、負ければ賊軍」という態度はなくなることなく、新たな火種を残すことを繰り返しています。
「悪を許してはいけない」ということで、「正義」の名のもとに、いかに新たな「悪」を生み出したり、許容したりしてきたことか・・・。
「歴史は繰り返す」というべきか、それとも「「歴史は繰り返さないが、韻を踏む」(マーク・トウェイン)というべきか・・・?
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#バートランド・ラッセル #Bertrand_Russell