バートランド・ラッセル『ヒューマン・ソサエティ-倫理学から政治学へ』第2部[「情熱の葛藤」- 第2章- Human Society in Ethics and Politics, 1954, Part II, chapter 4
* 原著:Human Society in Ethics and Politics, 1954* 邦訳書:バートランド・ラッセル(著),勝部真長・長谷川鑛平(共訳)『ヒューマン・ソサエティ-倫理学から政治学へ』(玉川大学出版部,1981年7月刊。268+x pp.)
『ヒューマン・ソサエティ』第2部「情熱の葛藤」- 第4章「神話と魔力」n.6 |
Human Society in Ethics and Politics, 1954, part II: The Conflict of Passions, chapter 4: Myth and Magic, n.6 | |||
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This is connected with another source of irrational belief: namely, the tendency to think that causes in nature must be something like our own desires and feelings. Eruptions and earthquakes seem like manifestations of anger, and so we imagine an angry spirit which is causing them. A kindly spirit, on the other hand, sends the rain that makes crops grow. Lifeless matter is difficult to imagine, and becomes less puzzling if we people the forest with tree-spirits and the springs with naiads. Until the time of Galileo, it was thought that matter would not keep on moving if left to itself. Aristotle thought that the planets required forty-nine or perhaps fifty-five gods to keep on pushing them in their orbits. The conception of a purely physical, self-acting causation is very modern, and has only prevailed, in so far as it has prevailed, by resisting the solicitations of our imaginative system of beliefs. |