バートランド・ラッセル『ヒューマン・ソサエティ-倫理学から政治学へ』8-11 - Human Society in Ethics and Politics, 1954
* 原著:Human Society in Ethics and Politics, 1954* 邦訳書:バートランド・ラッセル(著),勝部真長・長谷川鑛平(共訳)『ヒューマン・ソサエティ-倫理学から政治学へ』(玉川大学出版部,1981年7月刊。268+x pp.)
『ヒューマン・ソサエティ』第8章:倫理学上の論争 n.11 |
Human Society in Ethics and Politics, 1954, chapter 8: Ethical Controversy , n.11 | |||
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The above considerations illustrate the fact that, in political arguments, it is seldom necessary to appeal to ethical considerations, since enlightened self-interest usually affords a sufficient motive for action in accordance with the general good. But although in general (not always) the appeal to self-interest is valid, it is often far less effective than an appeal to altruistic motives. Hatred, envy, and contempt blind men to their own interests; on the other hand, sympathy and pity prompt actions useful to others, even if no advantage to self is expected. Generous emotions are more likely than calculated selfishness to lead to the very actions which calculated selfishness would recommend if the calculation were correct, but so long as men’s hearts are cold they are likely to remain blind to the fact that co-operation is usually more advantageous to both parties than competition. |