バートランド・ラッセル『ヒューマン・ソサエティ-倫理学から政治学へ』- Human Society in Ethics and Politics, 1954
* 原著:Human Society in Ethics and Politics, 1954* 邦訳書:バートランド・ラッセル(著),勝部真長・長谷川鑛平(共訳)『ヒューマン・ソサエティ-倫理学から政治学へ』(玉川大学出版部,1981年7月刊。268+x pp.)
『ヒューマン・ソサエティ』第5章:部分的善と一般的善 n.17 |
Human Society in Ethics and Politics, 1954, chapter 5: Partial and General Goods, n.17 | |||
同様なことが、イギリスの産業主義初期の児童労働についても、ドイツやロシアの強制労働や強制収容所についても、ナチスのユダヤ人の扱いについても言える。
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The same sort of things are to be said about child labour in the early days of British industrialism, about forced labour and concentration camps in Germany and Russia, and about the Nazi treatment of Jews. The best theoretical exponent of this ethic in modern times has been Nietzsche. He held that there are certain great men, or heroes, whose thoughts and emotions are important, but that the mass of mankind are to be considered solely as means or obstacles to the florescence of the superior few. The French Revolution, he says, was justified because it produced Napoleon. There is a difficulty in giving precision to this doctrine, since there is no precise definition of the “hero”; in practice, he is just someone whom Nietzsche admires. It is much easier to give precision to the doctrine in its more popular forms, as man versus woman, white men versus coloured men, capitalists versus wage-earners, gentiles versus Jews, etc. But in theory Nietzsche’s doctrine could be made precise; it could be said, for instance, that the only men who "count" are those with an intelligence quotient of 180 and upwards. It is to be expected that men with an intelligence quotient of 179 would wish the doctrine slightly modified, but perhaps a government of the super-intelligent would find ways of dealing with them. |