Bertrand Russell Quotes
Righteousness and unrighteousness must be taken together; it is impossible to stress the one without stressing the other also. Now, what is "unrighteousness" in practise? It is in practise behaviour of a kind disliked by the herd. By calling it unrighteousness, and by arranging an elaborate system of ethics around this conception, the herd justifies itself in wreaking punishment upon the objects of its own dislike, ...
The essence of the conception of righteousness, therefore, is to afford an outlet for sadism by cloaking cruelty as justice.
　Source：Bertrand Russell: Has Religion Made Useful Contributions to Civilization? 1930
　More info.：https://russell-j.com/beginner/0466HRMUC-050.HTM

* a brief comment:
The words "Righteousness" and "unrighteousness" that appear in "Today's Words of Russell" are somewhat unclear in meaning and difficult to translate accurately. When I asked ChatGPT to translate them, it rendered both "Righteousness" and "justice" as 「正義」 and translated "unrighteousness" as 「不正義」.

However, this translation diminishes the significance of Russell's choice of the words "Righteousness" and "unrighteousness", making it difficult to grasp the difference in meaning and nuance between them and "justice".

Through dialogue, ChatGPT can refine its translation. After two exchanges, we reached an agreement to translate "Righteousness" as 「道徳的正しさ」, "unrighteousness" as 「不道徳」, and "justice" as 「正義」.
* Amazon Gift Card