バートランド・ラッセル『ヒューマン・ソサエティ－倫理学から政治学へ』第２部[「情熱の葛藤」- 第２章- Human Society in Ethics and Politics, 1954, Part II, chapter 9
* 原著：Human Society in Ethics and Politics, 1954* 邦訳書：バートランド・ラッセル(著),勝部真長・長谷川鑛平(共訳)『ヒューマン・ソサエティ－倫理学から政治学へ』(玉川大学出版部,1981年７月刊。268+x pp.)
『ヒューマン・ソサエティ』第２部「情熱の葛藤」- 第９章「 」n.6 |
Human Society in Ethics and Politics, 1954, part II: The Conflict of Passions, chapter 9: Steps topwards a stable peace, n6 |
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都市生活に慣れた人なら誰でも、人口のまばらな田舎では必要とされないような、さまざまな自由の制限を当たり前のこととして受け入れている。街のどこかに人だかりができたとたんに、警官が「立ち止まらずに進んでください」と声をかけるが、それを不満に思う人はいない。 これまで国家が享受してきた無秩序な自由というものは、現代の世界においては、ロンドンやニューヨークの街頭における歩行者や自動車にとっての無秩序な自由と同様、もはや不可能なのである。 |
If the immediate causes of tension were removed, whether by the above method or by any other, it would be possible to begin a movement towards the solution of long-range problems. Of these, the first to be tackled would probably have to be the internationalizing of the control of atomic energy. America made a wholly praiseworthy endeavour in this direction at the end of the last war, but Russian suspicions made the endeavour abortive. Since that time Russian suspicions have not grown less, and American suspicions have hardened. We must hope for a reversal of this process, and I think that a reversal has become more possible since both sides have possessed atom and hydrogen bombs. It will not be easy to induce either Russia or America to surrender absolute national independence, but until this is done the world will not be safe. I think the best that can be hoped is a ditente during which the fear of war is not imminent, and a gradual growth, while the ditente lasts, of a realization that certain kinds of liberty, which have seemed very precious, are no longer possible in a planet which technique has made small and overcrowded. Everybody accustomed to urban life accepts as a matter of course various limitations on liberty which are not necessary in a sparsely populated countryside. The moment a crowd congregates anywhere in a town, the police say, “Pass along, please”, and nobody is indignant. The anarchic liberty enjoyed hitherto by nations is just as impossible in the modem world as would be anarchic liberty for either pedestrians or motorists in the streets of London or New York. |