バートランド・ラッセル(著)『結婚論』第9章:人生における愛の位置
* 出典:バートランド・ラッセル(著),江上照彦(訳)『結婚論』(社会思想社,1955年12月。260 pp.)* 原著:Bertrand Russell: Marriage and Morals, 1929.)
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幸福な,相互的な愛という,深い親密さと強い交わりを経験したことのない人びとは,人生が提供する最上のものを失ったことになる。彼らは,意識的ではないにせよ,無意識的にこのことを感じており,その結果生じる失望のために,ねたみや抑圧や残虐に傾いていく。したがって,情熱的な恋愛に正当な位置をあたえることは,社会学者にかかわる問題であるはずである。なぜなら,男性も女性も,もしもこの経験の機会を逃すとすれば,完全な精神的成長をとげることはできず,世界のほかの人びとに対して,寛容で温かい気持ちをいだくこともできないからである。この気持ちがなければ,まずまちがいなく,彼らの社会活動は有害なものになる。 |
Love is something far more than desire for sexual intercourse; it is the principal means of escape from the loneliness which affilicts most men and women throughout the greater part of their lives. There is a deep-seated fear, in most people, of the cold world and the possible cruelty of the herd; there is a longing for affection, which is often concealed by roughness, boorishness or a bullying manner in men, and by nagging and scolding in women. Passionate mutual love while it lasts puts an end to this feeling; it breaks down the hard walls of the ego, producing a new being composed of two in one. Nature did not construct human beings to stand alone, since they cannot fulfil her biological purpose except with the help of another; and civilised people cannot fully satisfy their sexual instinct without love. The instinct is not completely satisfied unless a man's whole being, mental quite as much as physical, enters into the relation. Those who have never known the deep intimacy and the intense companionship of happy mutual love have missed the best thing that life has to give; unconsciously, if not consciously, they feel this, and the resulting disappointment inclines them towards envy, oppression and cruelty. To give due place to passionate love should be therefore a matter which concerns the sociologist, since, if they miss this experience, men and women cannot attain their full stature, and cannot feel towards the rest of the world that kind of generous warmth without which their social activities are pretty sure to be harmful.
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