英国への愛とロシアへの憎悪を除けば,彼は政治にはあまり関心を持たなかった。彼の関心を引いたものは,自然の冷淡さ(=人間に対する無関心)<やしばしば人間の敵意に直面した,また、破滅へと導く善悪両様の情熱と心のなかで闘っている,個々の人間の魂であった。孤独の悲劇は彼の思想や感情の大部分を専有した。彼の(作風として)もっとも典型的な短編小説(物語)の一つは『台風(Typhoon)』である。この物語において,単純な精神の持ち主の船長は,揺がない勇気と断乎たる決意を持って船を操縦し,困難を切り抜ける。嵐が過ぎ去ると彼は妻に長い手紙を書いてこのことを知らせる。その手紙のなかの、自分に関する部分の説明は,彼にとって,まったく単純である(そっけない記述ですませる)。彼はただ,だれもが当然期待するような,船長としての義務を遂行したにすぎないのである。しかし,読者は,彼の話を通じて、彼が勇気をもって行い耐えたあらゆることに気づく。この手紙は送られる前に船員によってこっそり読まれるが,彼の妻は手紙の内容が退屈なので(ろくに)読まずに棄ててしまい、(結局)他の誰にも読まれないことになる。 |
He was not much interested in political systems, though he had some strong political feelings. The strongest of these were love of England and hatred of Russia, of which both are expressed in The Secret Agent: and the hatred of Russia, both Czarist and revolutionary, is set forth with great power in Under Western Eyes. His dislike of Russia was that which was traditional in Poland. It went so far that he would not allow merit to either Tolstoy or Dostoievsky. Turgeniev, he told me once, was the only Russian novelist he admired. Except for love of England and hatred of Russia, politics did not much concern him. What interested him was the individual human soul faced with the indifference of nature, and often with the hostility of man, and subject to inner struggles with passions both good and bad that led toward destruction. Tragedies of loneliness occupied a great part of his thought and feeling. One of his most typical stories is Typhoon. In this story the captain, who is a simple soul, pulls his ship through by unshakable courage and grim determination. When the storm is over, he writes a long letter to his wife telling about it. In his account his own part is, to him, perfectly simple. He has merely performed his captain's duty as, of course, anyone would expect. But the reader, through his narrative, becomes aware of all that he has done and dared and endured. The letter, before he sends it off, is read surreptitiously by his steward, but is never read by anyone else at all because his wife finds it boring and throws it away unread. |